Small Wild Goose Pagoda in Xi’an: History, Architecture & Visitor Tips

If you ever find yourself in Xi’an (one of China’s most historical cities in Shaanxi Province), make sure to set aside some time to visit the Small Wild Goose Pagoda. Built during the Tang Dynasty (618–907) and located in the southern sector of Xi’an along the central axis of the Jianfu Temple, this pagoda offers an enchanting glimpse into China’s rich Buddhist heritage.

The term “Wild Goose Pagoda” actually refers to two distinct structures: the Small Wild Goose Pagoda and the more famous Giant Wild Goose Pagoda. As the names imply, the former is smaller in scale yet impressive in its own right, offering a more tranquil and intimate atmosphere for visitors. A remnant of Buddhist architecture from the Tang era, the Small Wild Goose Pagoda beautifully illustrates the early integration of Buddhism with Chinese (Han) culture. (Video Credit: LETSLOCALS)

Why It’s Called The Small Wild Goose Pagoda?

During the Tang dynasty and later in the Song Dynasty (960–1279), this structure was originally known as the “Jianfu Temple Pagoda.” However, with the construction of the “Giant Wild Goose Pagoda” in the Da Cien Temple complex, the need to distinguish between the two led to the renaming. The pagoda in the Da Cien Temple, built during the Yonghui Period (650–655) under Tang Emperor Gaozong, was primarily designed to store the Buddhist sutras brought to Chang’an (modern-day Xi’an) by the revered monk Xuanzang.

Later, during the Jinglong period (707–710) under Tang Emperor Zhongzong, another structure was built at Jianfu Temple for a similar purpose—to house the Buddhist scriptures brought over by monk Yijing. Although this newer construction resembled its counterpart at the Da Cien Temple, its slightly reduced size ultimately earned it the name Small Wild Goose Pagoda, with its larger neighbor being dubbed the Giant Wild Goose Pagoda.

A Tall Standing Brick Tower

Constructed primarily from blue bricks, the Small Wild Goose Pagoda was originally a 15-story tower reaching approximately 148 feet (45 meters). Time and nature, however, took their toll—earthquakes and storms gradually damaged the structure, leading to the loss of its two highest floors. Today, the pagoda stands gracefully with 13 stories and reaches about 142.4 feet (43.4 meters) in height.

The pagoda’s square base measures 37.34 feet (11.38 meters) on each side, and beneath it lies an underground palace. Each tier is constructed of overlapping bricks, creating multiple eaves that add to its picturesque charm. The structure features two doors on the ground floor facing north, with windows spaced on the upper floors to let in natural light. Its design, akin to a tall rectangular pyramid that tapers as it ascends, is a testament to the advanced architectural techniques of ancient Chinese builders.

A Visit to The Top of the Small Wild Goose Pagoda

For the more adventurous, ascending the pagoda is a unique experience. A narrow wooden stairway spirals up inside the tower, winding its way to a small open platform at the top—remnants of the missing highest two stories. Be advised that this climb can be quite challenging. The stairway grows progressively narrower, so it is not recommended for children, seniors, or those with limited physical mobility.

Despite these challenges, the reward at the top is worth every step. On clear days, visitors are treated to sweeping panoramic views of Xi’an, including glimpses of the ancient cityscape and surrounding landscapes—an experience that deepens your appreciation for the city’s storied past.

How It Was Magically Healed After Two Earthquakes

History tells us that the Small Wild Goose Pagoda has withstood the test of time—and nature. In 1487, an earthquake caused a serious crack running through the middle of the pagoda, measuring over 1.1 feet (0.33 meters) wide. Surprisingly, a subsequent earthquake in 1521 effectively “healed” the damage, as the two separated parts of the tower reattached almost overnight.

This mysterious yet fascinating event was later explained during restoration efforts in 1949. The ingenious design by ancient builders, which shaped the pagoda as a hemisphere, allowed the structure to evenly distribute the seismic forces. This architectural brilliance has enabled the pagoda to survive nearly 70 earthquakes over the centuries—a true testament to the durability and craftsmanship of Tang dynasty construction.

Morning Bell Chimes of the Small Wild Goose Pagoda

At the heart of the temple complex is a magnificent iron bell that dates back to 1192. Known as the “Magic Bell,” this colossal instrument stands 11.6 feet (3.55 meters) tall, boasts a diameter of 8 feet (2.45 meters), and spans 25 feet (7.65 meters) along its rim. Weighing around 17,636 pounds (8,000 kilograms), the bell is intricately carved with verses that invoke blessings for the Emperor, the state, and the enduring influence of Buddhist principles.

Long live the Emperor;
The vassals help him forever;
May the State be stable and the people live in peace;
May the Buddhist principles prevail in the time to come.

Every morning, local Buddhists and monks ring the bell. Its crisp and resonant chime can travel up to three miles (5 km), creating an aura of serenity. This enchanting ritual has earned the bell its place among the eight famous scenic features in the Central Shaanxi Plain. There is also a local tradition: if you miss a loved one far away, you may write their name and address on yellow paper and strike the bell, a symbolic gesture of sending your message across distances.

The original bell now resides in the Bell Tower of Xi’an near the pagoda, while a replica is on display for visitors to experience this ancient ritual firsthand.

Tourist Guide

Please note that tickets for ascending the pagoda must be purchased at least one hour before closing time. If you’ve ever visited Xi’an and experienced the grandeur of its ancient pagodas, share your stories with us! Should you have any questions or need further guidance, our professional travel experts are ready to help.